A Compact High-Efficiency GW-Level High-Power Microwave System for X-Band

This paper presents the design of a compact high-efficiency GW-level high-power microwave (HPW) system for X-band. The system incorporates a TM01-TE10 mode converter, a horn-shaped waveguide, a T-shaped power divider, a TE-to-HE power divider, and a cavity slot antenna. The TM01-TE10 mode converter effectively suppresses higher-order modes excited during microwave transmission, achieving a conversion efficiency of 94% between cir-TM01 and rect-TE10 modes. The TE-to-HE power divider alters the propagation direction of the rect-TE10 mode, feeding the upper antenna with equal amplitude and phase. It makes the overall system more compact, while ensuring power distribution and transmission efficiency. The all-metal HPW system features a compact structure, low insertion loss, large power tolerance, excellent radiation performance, and ease of processing, boasting a 90% transmission efficiency and suitability for GW-level applications.