3, 3'-双(2-硝胺基-1, 3, 4-噁二唑-4-基)-5, 5'-联-1, 2, 4-噁二唑及其含能离子盐的合成及性能

A new energetic compound 3, 3'-bis(2-nitroamino-1, 3, 4-oxadiazol-4-yl)-5, 5'-linked-1, 2, 4-oxadiazole (BNOBO) was synthesized starting from glyoxime through a five-step reaction. Based on the acidity of BNOBO, three energetic salts (5-7) were obtained through the reactions between BNOBO and aqueous ammonia, hydrazine and hydroxylamine, respectively. The structures of as-synthesized compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, NMR and element analysis. The crystal of BNOBO ammonium salt was obtained through solvent evaporation method, the obtained results show that it belongs to a monoclinic system and C2/c space group with a=12.7490(8) nm, b=9.5957(7) nm, c=18.5965(12) nm, V=2272.1(3) nm³ and Z=4. Their thermal stability, density, detonation properties and sensitivity were evaluated by TG/DSC analysis, densitometer, EXPLO5 v6.02 software and BAM sensitivity tester, respectively. Among these new energetic compounds, BNOBO possesses the highest measured density of 1.90 g•cm^-3 and the highest onset decomposition temperature of 215℃. The calculated detonation velocity and pressure of BNOBO are as high as 8789 m•s^-1 and 32.7 GPa, respectively. These new energetic compounds also exhibit relatively low mechanical sensitivities, in which energetic salt 5 display the low impact sensitivity of more than 20 J and friction sensitivity of 220 N.