高阶声场传感器的噪声空间相关性及其阵列超指向性方法

In order to improve the ability of sonar to detect underwater low-frequency quiet targets, a new idea is to use a high-order acoustic sensor array. In this paper, the high-order acoustic sensor is defined by the eigenbeam decomposition and synthesis model of circular arrays. The spatial correlation of the received noise of high-order acoustic sensor is analyzed, and then the improved Gram-Schmidt superdirectivity model is adopted to analyze beampatterns, directivity factors and robustness levels of the high-order sensor line array in the endfire and broadside directions. The simulation results show that the high-order sensor array has great advantages in eliminating grating lobes, reducing side-lobe levels, and suppressing left and right ambiguity. The directivity index of the line array composed of seven 4th-order sensors is 8 dB higher than that of the traditional pressure sensor array. The high-order acoustic sensor array and its superdirectivity model contribute to the design of sonar arrays and the detection method for underwater low-frequency targets in the future.