氮化物基陶瓷高温透波材料的研究进展

Nitride-based ceramic materials have excellent comprehensive properties such as high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance and wave-transparent performance. They are the main candidates for high-temperature wave-transparent components. The reports about their application are few, and the preparation technologies and properties need to be improved. In this paper, the research progress of nitride ceramics, nitride composite ceramics and nitride ceramic matrix composites was summarized. It is found that the comprehensive properties of porous Si₃N₄ ceramics, BN-Si₃N₄ composite ceramics and BN_w/Si₃N₄ composites are excellent, with the dielectric constant less than 5, the dielectric loss less than 0.01, and the room-temperature flexural strength higher than 200 MPa, respectively. In this paper, the existing problems of the studies on the nitride-based ceramic as high-temperature wave-transparent materials were analyzed, which is mainly that the mechanical properties and dielectric properties are difficult to improve in coordination, and the future development direction of the selection of high-temperature wave-transparent material systems and preparation technologies are prospected.