The new emerging MXene/LDHs nanocomposites: A critical review of synthesis strategies, morphological regulation, and application prospects

Two-dimensional (2D) nanocomposites have become a hot topic of research and technology nationally and internationally due to their functional properties. Developing advanced strategies for synthesizing nanocomposite multifunctional materials, which employ different synthesis approaches with extraordinary performances, can usually result in the identification and resolution of nanomaterials. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and MXene are leaders in 2D nanomaterials, but their properties are different and complemented each other in many ways. In addition, they faced the same problems in practical applications. Remarkably, combining MXene and LDHs into a new type of material can help complement their strengths and take their advantages, which is an efficient way to develop multifunctional materials with high performance. This comprehensive overview addresses the gap in studies of MXene/LDHs nanocomposites by focusing on strategies, structural morphologies, and applications. This paper focuses on the characteristics of MXene/LDHs nanocomposite preparation in their synthesis strategy and factors influencing the morphology of the composite to gain insight into the morphology control mechanism. In addition, the effects of synthesis strategies, metal compositions, and reactant concentration on the structure and properties of MXene/LDHs nanocomposites and their corresponding interaction mechanism were comprehensively investigated. Importantly, strengths and weaknesses of each synthesis technique and the morphology of the corresponding nanocomposites prepared were discussed, providing a framework for designers to identify which synthetic method is most appropriate for their research. It also provides an audience with the characterization of current applications and behavioral mechanisms of MXene/LDHs nanocomposites in different fields. Finally, we discuss current challenges and outlook strategies for MXene/LDHs nanocomposites from the perspective of materials synthesis and specific applications. This critical review will contribute an essential theoretical basis and approach for the construction and utilization of composites.