The Aα spectral radius of graphs with given independence number n−4

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Abstract

Let G be a graph with adjacency matrix A(G) and degree diagonal matrix D(G). In 2017, Nikiforov (2017) defined the matrix Aα(G)=αD(G)+(1−α)A(G) for any real α∈[0,1]. The largest eigenvalue of A(G) is called the spectral radius of G, while the largest eigenvalue of Aα(G) is called the Aα spectral radius of G. Let Gn,i be the set of graphs of order n with independence number i. Recently, for all graphs in Gn,i having the minimum or the maximum of A, Q and Aα spectral radius where i∈{1,2,⌊n2⌋⌈n2⌉+1,n−3,n−2,n−1} there are some results given by Xu, Li and Sun et al., respectively. In 2022, Luo and Guo (2022) determined all graphs in Gn,n−4 having the minimum spectral radius. In this paper, we characterize the graphs in Gn,n−4 having the minimum and the maximum Aα spectral radius for α∈[12,1), respectively.

Original languageEnglish
Article number100930
JournalDiscrete Optimization
Volume59
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2026

Keywords

  • A matrix
  • A spectral radius
  • Independence number

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