Sidelobe-suppressed sub-diffraction-limit quasi-non-diffracting light sheets achieved by super-oscillatory lenses

Sub-diffraction-limit quasi-non-diffracting light sheets (SQLSs) are crucial for a resolution-enhanced and field of view (FOV)-enlarged light sheet microscope. However, it has aways been plagued by sidelobes inducing severe background noise. Here, a self-trade-off optimized method is proposed to generate sidelobe-suppressed SQLSs based on super-oscillatory lenses (SOLs). An SQLS thus obtained shows sidelobes of only 15.4%, first realizing the sub-diffraction-limit thickness, quasi-non-diffracting characteristic, and suppressed sidelobes simultaneously for static light sheets. Moreover, a window-like energy allocation is realized by the self-trade-off optimized method, successfully further suppressing the sidelobes. In particular, an SQLS with theoretical sidelobes of 7.6% is achieved within the window, which provides a new strategy to deal with sidelobes for light sheets and shows great potential in high signal-to-noise ratio light sheet microscopy (LSM).