Price-Energy Coordinated Management Strategy for Electric Hydrogen Integrated Supply Station

This paper proposes an energy management strategy for an electric-hydrogen integrated supply station (EHISS) that leverages the energy substitution characteristics of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). Considering the distinctly different charging behaviors between FCEVs and plug-in electric vehicles, an energy trading framework is formulated for the EHISS. Under such a framework, a two-stage price-energy coordinated management strategy (PECMS) is developed that integrates both source-side and demand-side energy management. By dynamically adjusting the hydrogen prices, user behavior could be guided to decrease the overall operating cost of the system. The proposed PECMS incorporates a genetic algorithm and a mixed-integer linear programming optimization model for day-ahead scheduling and a finite-state-machine-based algorithm for real-time operation, which is equipped with both optimality and real-time capability. The effectiveness and real-time performance of the proposed strategy are validated through comparative studies on a controller–hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) platform.