Preparation and characterization of monodisperse magnetic poly(styrene butyl acrylate methacrylic acid) microspheres in the presence of a polar solvent

Magnetic poly(styrene butyl acrylate methacrylic acid) [P(St-BA-MAA)] microspheres were prepared by emulsifier-free simulation polymerization in the presence of a polar solvent and a ferrofluid prepared by a coprecipitation method. The effects of some polymerization parameters, such as the medium polarity, reaction temperature, initiator content, and surfactant content in the ferrofluid, on the particle diameter and particle size distribution of magnetic P(St-BA-MAA) microspheres were examined in detail. The results showed that the electrostatic repulsion in the polymerization system significantly affected the monodispersity of the resulting magnetic polymer microspheres. The proper electrostatic repulsion, achieved through changes in the medium polarity and amount of surfactant in the polymerization system, improved the monodispersity, but a higher or lower repulsion led to a decrease in the monodispersity. Although the existence of surfactant and magnetite particles reduced the monodispersity more or less, the polymerization behavior of an emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization in the presence of the ferrofluid was analogous to that of a conventional emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization.