Parametric modeling and dynamic characteristic analysis of distributed propulsion wing structures

As an advanced configuration for next-generation distributed electric propulsion aircraft, the Distributed Propulsion Wing (DPW) — with its deeply integrated airframe-propulsion design — offers significant potential for enhancing both aerodynamic and structural efficiency. However, its fundamental structural differences from conventional pylon-mounted layouts have led to an insufficient understanding of its dynamic characteristics and a lack of efficient design and analysis tools.To address this gap, this paper establishes, for the first time, a hierarchical, fully parametric modeling framework dedicated to investigating the structural characteristics of the DPW. By introducing the concept of a ‘cellular intermediary’, the framework overcomes the reliance on simplified configurations inherent in traditional parametric methods. It enables independent control and rapid model regeneration of multi-source design parameters, including overall aerodynamic layout, distributed propulsion arrangement, structural geometry, and composite ply stacking. Using a high-fidelity, experimentally validated baseline model, this study systematically reveals the influence and underlying physical mechanisms of two key parameters introduced by the airframe-propulsion coupling—namely, the mass properties of the propulsion units and the layout of the ducted stator blades—on the global modal characteristics of the DPW.Key findings include: (1) The mass of the propulsion unit primarily affects the flapwise and chordwise bending modes of the DPW, while the chordwise position of its center of mass relative to the sectional shear center is critical for modulating the DPW’s torsional modes. (2) The number and circumferential distribution of stator blades predominantly govern the bending and torsional stiffness of the DPW, but have a weaker influence on flapwise modes; the chordwise station of the blades has a negligible effect, suggesting it can be treated as a free parameter for aerodynamic and propulsive design. (3) Critically, under similar characteristic parameters, the modal response, mode shape composition, and parameter sensitivity of the DPW are fundamentally different from those of conventional pylon-mounted configurations. This indicates that conclusions and design experience derived from traditional layouts are not directly transferable.This study provides an effective parametric toolset for the structural dynamic design and analysis of the DPW. By elucidating its unique coupling mechanisms and design principles, it establishes a theoretical foundation for the engineering development of this innovative configuration.