Optimization method of passive omnidirectional buoy array in on-call anti-submarine search based on improved NSGA-II

Passive omni-directional sonar buoys are extensively used as submarine detection devices in anti-submarine UAVs. Studying the problem of optimizing their deployment can effectively enhance their submarine detection capabilities, facilitating further anti-submarine operations. To maximize the search efficiency against quiet submarines during on-call submarine search, an optimization method based on an improved NSGA-II is proposed. First, considering the scenario in which the submarine's speed and approximate heading are known, the initial and postmaneuver position distribution are established. Second, the search efficiency models for a single sonar buoy and for a buoy array are established by the grid method. The effective positioning probability model is established by the LOFIX method. Third, the optimization model of buoy array deployment based on the improved NSGA-II is established with optimization objectives to maximize the submarine search probability and the effective positioning probability and minimize the delivery amount of the buoys. By introducing a probability selection operator, a hybrid crossover operator and an improved elite preservation strategy to enhance the NSGA-II, the global search capability of the algorithm is improved. Finally, the experimental results show that the improved NSGA-II can obtain effective optimal deployment solutions for the buoy array, and the optimal delivery amount and search probability change with changes in the scenario parameters.