Joint Processing Passive Localization and Tracking Algorithm Based on Stationary Vector Array

The underwater stationary platform enables long-term detection of underwater targets. This paper proposes a method for target localization and tracking using an underwater stationary vector hydrophone array. The method is based on a combination of the Least Squares Method and Extended Kalman Filter, aiming to simulate the localization and tracking of targets moving in a uniform straight line. By using the vector hydrophone array, bearing-time records (BTR) and line-spectrum-time records (LSTR) are extracted as the basis for target localization and tracking. Furthermore, linear least squares and pseudo-linear least squares processing are applied to the BTR and LSTR, respectively, to determine the initial motion parameters of the target. Finally, two-dimensional Extended Kalman Filtering is utilized to achieve real-time tracking of the target. To verify the feasibility and performance of this method, a computer simulation analysis was conducted based on a fixed vector hydrophone array. The results indicate that the proposed method can accurately estimate motion parameters and achieve real-time tracking of a uniformly moving target with low computational complexity.