Hyperbranched polymer functionalized flexible perovskite solar cells with mechanical robustness and reduced lead leakage

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are multilayer structures. The interface between electron transport layer and perovskite is the mechanical weakest point in flexible PSCs due to its low fracture energy. Herein, we develop a highly adhesive polyamide-amine-based hyperbranched polymers to reinforce the interface. The interface fracture energy is improved from 1.08 to 2.13 J·m⁻² by the hyperbranched polymers with adhesive groups and dynamic hydrogen bond networks. The polymer functionalized perovskite solar cells achieve superior power conversion efficiencies of 25.05% and 23.86% for rigid and flexible devices, respectively. Furthermore, the hyperbranched polymer contains abundant intramolecular cavities that can capture Pb²⁺. Pb leakage after solar cell damage is effectively suppressed. Our findings provide insights on designing adhesive interface layers towards high-efficiency, mechanical-stable and environment-friendly flexible perovskite solar cells.