Ground-based simulation equipment and technology for space biology experiments

To further explore the space environment and develop human colonies, human beings have made a lot of efforts in space research and work. The space environment and its effects on human tissues and organ systems, such as musculoskeletal and cardiovascular, are unavoidable. Thus studying biological processes and organisms in space under microgravity and radiation conditions is of great importance. However, due to limited flight opportunities, conducting biological experiments in space for long periods of time remains a challenging task. This makes the development of simulated space devices and technologies on Earth an ideal way to study the effects of space conditions on cells and physiology. In this chapter, the techniques and equipment commonly used in the simulation research of space mechanics and radiation are summarized.