“Framework Channel catalysis”: A multiphase synergistic Zn-based coating strategy for high-performance zinc-ion batteries

Zn metal is a promising high-capacity and cost-effective anode material for aqueous batteries. However, its low cycling stability and poor reversibility due to parasitic reactions and Zn dendrite growth have limited its practical application. Herein, we developed a multiphase Zn-based layer (ZnBL) coating composed of ZnO, Zn(OH)₂, and metallic Zn for high-stability ZIB electrodes. The highly crystalline ZnO formed a stable framework and an orderly ion-transport channel, providing corrosion resistance and structural support for the electrode. The low-crystallinity Zn(OH)₂ facilitated uniform Zn-ion deposition by providing hydroxyl active sites. The metallic Zn established a conductive network, which reduced interface impedance and improved the reaction paths. Symmetrical cells with a ZnBL@Zn anode exhibited remarkable lifespans of 3100 and 6600 h at current densities of 1 and 5 mA·cm⁻², respectively. Full cells (ZnBL@Zn||ZVO) retained a capacity of 147.6 mAh·g⁻¹ after 10,000 cycles at 10 A·g⁻¹ outperforming existing ZIBs. In addition, a flexible pouch battery with a ZnBL@Zn anode remained stable under extreme conditions. This study paves the way for the development of ZIBs via interfacial engineering.