Exploring with multi-block LBM aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil at ultra-low Reynolds number

Aim. The introduction of the full paper reviews some papers in the open literature and then proposes our method of exploration-the multi-block lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), which is explained in section 1; eq. (12) is particularly worth paying attention to. The simulation results at ultra-low Reynolds number of several thousands, presented in Figs. 4 through 14 and Table 1, and their analysis show preliminarily that: (1) the viscous effect changes the effective angle of attack and camber of the airfoil, greatly influencing its lift and drag; (2) the increase in the thickness of an airfoil decreases its lift-to-drag ratio; (3) the increase in geometrical camber can compensate for the loss of effective camber and the decrease in the Reynolds number leads to the decrease in the lift-to-drag ratio.