EVEsecCOM: A Safety and Security Protection Approach for the Emergency Electricity Supply with Electric Vehicles

With the rapid growth of electricity consumption,the power grid struggles to balance supply and demand, rendering it unable to cope with emergent electricity shortages. Theelectric vehicle (EV) features communication, energy storage, andhigh mobility, enabling it to respond quickly to an emergentelectricity supply event. However, gathering a large number ofEVs to supply electricity in a short time presents challenges:First, the lack of standardized EV charging interfaces leadsto mismatches, posing physical safety risks; Second, the opencommunication network used to coordinate EVs is vulnerable tocyberattacks.To mitigate these risks, we introduce EVEsecCOM, an integrated approach that addresses both physical safety andcommunication security. EVs are grouped and summoned bycharging interface type to ensure safe electricity transmission.Communication security is achieved through chameleon hashfunctions combined with symmetric encryption, while the EVcall protocol merges key agreement and identity authenticationto minimize overhead. Formal and informal security analysesconfirm resilience against replay, impersonation, tampering, andprivacy inference attacks. Compared with the latest relatedprotocols in terms of communication and computation costs,our proposed protocol is shown to be superior. Subsequently,we conducted batch experiments on physical interface groupingand intra-group operation computation costs. Finally, we conductsimulation experiments in NS-3 to test the performance of theproposed protocol.