Enhanced storage energy density and fatigue free properties for 0.94Bi_0.50(Na_0.78K_0.22)_0.50Ti_1-x(Al_0.50Nb_0.50)_xO₃-0.06BaZrO₃ ceramics

The high storage energy density (W_rec) and conversion efficiency (η) for lead-free ceramics have been attained significant interest in recent times for electronic devices. Enhanced W_rec and stable fatigue properties are examined for lead-free 0.94Bi_0·50(Na_0·78K_0.22)_0.50Ti_1-x (Al_0·50Nb_0.50)_xO₃-0.06BaZrO₃ (for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) ceramics, synthesized using the solid-state reaction method. Crystal structure and lattice dynamics are revealed by the X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering techniques. Highly compact ceramics is obtained with decreasing average grain size from 0.94 ± 0.23 μm (for x = 0) to 0.76 ± 0.31 μm (for x = 0.05) as a function of composition. A high W_rec ~1.32 J/cm³ and η ~76.60% is achieved for x = 0.04 ceramic at room temperature with applied 95 kV/cm. In addition, W_rec ~1.40 J/cm³ and η ~86% are perceived with a 90 kV/cm at 80 °C. Also, it is obtained as a fatigue-free property for x = 0.04 composition ceramic up to 10⁵ cycles. Hence, this improvement in energy density performance and stable fatigue resistance for x = 0.04 dielectric ceramic is expected for practical applications in many electronic appliances.