Effect of ZrO₂ morphology on the ablation resistance of carbon/carbon composites containing ZrC prepared by the carbothermal reduction reaction

Three types of carbon/carbon composites containing ZrC particles (C/C-ZrC) were prepared by the carbothermal reduction reaction of ZrO₂ and carbon. ZrC distributed around the carbon fibers, among the fibers, and dispersed in the carbon matrix corresponding to the ZrO₂ layer, particles, and whiskers in the carbon fiber preforms, respectively. The composite with ZrC dispersed in the carbon matrix showed the best ablation resistance. Dispersive distribution of the ZrC particles was helpful to form a continuously melting ZrO₂ layer and this can prevent carbon from oxidizing and restrain the mechanical erosion of the composites.