Aerodynamic Topology Design Optimization of Airfoil based on a Pseudo-Density Method

For traditional aerodynamic design optimization methods, new shapes are typically generated by perturbing a baseline aerodynamic shape. Since all the candidate shapes have a similar geometrical topology as the initial shape, the design space is limited and heavily relies on the initial design. Therefore, it is interesting to explore an aerodynamic design method that is not limited by the initial shape. This paper presents an aerodynamic topology design optimization of airfoil based on pseudo-density method, which enables alterations in the topology during the optimization process. Additionally, to mitigate the high computational costs, a multi-stage optimization strategy is proposed. Drag reduction and lift enhancement optimization designs were conducted under laminar flow conditions. Results show that this optimization method not only overcomes the limitations imposed by the initial shape but also reduces the number of design variables, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the optimization process.