A multi-mode spectral and spectral-polarimetric imaging system with tunable spatial-spectral-temporal resolution

Spectral-polarization imaging (SPI), which captures spatial, spectral, and polarization information simultaneously, has broad applications in biomedical diagnostics, remote sensing, and deep space exploration due to its ability to reveal intrinsic material properties. However, different application scenarios often impose diverse and sometimes conflicting requirements on imaging speed, spatial-spectral resolution, and polarization states, limiting the adaptability of conventional single-mode systems. In this work, we propose a DMD-based multimodal spectral and spectral-polarimetric imaging system within a unified measurement framework. By organizing staring, scanning, and transformed spectral imaging into a consistent column-wise modulation scheme, the system supports flexible mode selection within a unified architecture. The framework also naturally extends to spectral-polarimetric imaging without modifying the underlying acquisition principle. A key feature of the proposed approach is the introduction of controllable parameters that enable adaptive resolution tuning. In particular, the column group size m₀ governs the trade-off between temporal-spatial-spectral resolution. Experimental results on representative spectral and spectral-polarimetric scenes demonstrate that the proposed system enables controllable trade-offs among spatial resolution, spectral resolution, and temporal resolution within a single platform.