钛基复合材料及其热变形工艺研究进展

Titanium matrix composites have broad application prospects in aerospace, naval and marine engineering, advanced transportation, and other fields, making them a focal and hot topic in international new material research. This paper comprehensively describes the concepts and characteristics of titanium matrix composites preparation processes represented by melting and casting, vacuum hot-pressing sintering, spark plasma sintering, and laser additive manufacturing (LAM) technologies. It systematically discusses the specific applications of forging, extrusion, rolling, and heat treatment processes in the preparation of titanium matrix composites and component manufacturing. Through analysis, it is clarified that optimizing the parameters of forging, extrusion, rolling, and heat treatment processes can significantly enhance the mechanical properties and strength-plasticity matching of titanium matrix composites. This is mainly because the hot deformation and heat treatment processes not only eliminate defects during the preparation of composites, but also simultaneously improve their strength and plasticity by adjusting the microstructure. The room temperature strength limit is increased by up to 62%, and the ultimate elongation rate is increased by up to 282. 9%. The application of hot-deformed components made of titanium matrix composites reduces the structural weight of equipment components by 16% to 70%, further confirming that the service life of composites processed by deformation and heat treatment processes is significantly improved.