金属材料凝固过程研究现状与未来展望

The alloy solidification process has experienced a long evolution history to transform from a kind of ancient metallurgical technology into a branch of modern science. It developed into a relatively consistent academic field of materials science in the second half of last century. With the advent of diverse high technologies and especially the coming of new information era, the solidification science and technology meet with another age for rapidly reformed development. The objective of this work is to summarize the major achievements of solidification research in the first two decades of the present century and provide a concise perspective for its future advances. The following five aspects are addressed in various details: the microstructures and properties of liquid alloys, the crystal nucleation and process modulation, the evolution kinetics of solidification structures, the process mechanisms of extraordinary solidification, and the solidification forming of new materials.