蛋白质药物胞内递送纳米载体的研究进展

Nowadays, many diseases like cancer, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases, and central nervous system pathology are becoming more and more important issues that can endanger human health. Due to the low-specificity, the traditional small-molecule drugs can easily affect normal cells other than tumor cells during the treatment process, thereby causing toxic and side effects on the body. Protein as a drug has higher biocompatibility and specificity compared with traditional small molecule drugs. However, its special molecular structure and biochemical properties make protein drugs easily inactivated in complex biological environments. These problems limit the application of protein drugs in biomedicine. Therefore, it is particularly important to find an ideal drug delivery system to make up for the deficiencies of the drug itself, and to help the drug work effectively in the lesion area. In order to solve this problem, the industry has developed various nano drug carriers with different functions, such as polymer nano carriers, lipid nano carriers, inorganic nano carriers, etc. This review comprehensively summarizes the intracellular delivery strategies of protein drugs based on different carriers. What's more, the materials' design methods, mechanism of action, and potential applications in living or in vivo will be discussed in detail. Finally, we prospected the application of the new-generation drug delivery system in the field.