胶体晶体自组装常用方法的研究进展

Colloidal self-assembly is an efficient method for manufacturing large-area colloidal crystal, which has great significance for the preparation of various functional colloidal crystals. It has great application potentials in micro-nano manufacturing, new materials, energy, medicine and other fields. Various forces involved in the process of colloidal self-assembly were analyzed in detail and the basic methods of colloidal crystal self-assembly were summarized. For manufacturing large-area colloidal crystals, several typically new types of colloidal crystal self-assembly methods were introduced, including temperature auxiliary, template auxiliary, surfactant auxiliary, spin coating method combined with the interface transfer, etc., and the influencing factors of different methods were explained, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, and improvement direction in the future. Finally, the process method for manufacturing the three-dimensional colloidal crystals based on the complete monolayer film was described. Important reference for improving the quality and efficiency of colloidal crystal manufacturing and expanding the application domains of colloidal self-assembly technology are provided.