复合固体推进剂用新型二茂铁类燃速催化剂研究进展

Ferrocene and its derivatives are good burning rate catalysts for composite solid propellant. The combustion performance of composite solid propellant can be controlled by adding a small amount of ferrocene derivatives. However, ferrocene-based catalysts with simple structure and small molecular weight have the disadvantages of easy migration and volatility, which seriously affect the storage life, service reliability and environmental adaptability of propellant charges. Therefore, the design and synthesis of ferrocene-based catalysts with low migration, low volatility and high catalytic efficiency have become the key points in this field. In this paper, the synthesis methods of new ferrocene-based burning rate catalysts, and their anti-migration, anti-volatility and catalytic performance reported in recent years are introduced. The existing problems are pointed out, and the future research direction in this field is prospected. The synthesis of ferrocene compounds with low molecular weight is relatively simple, and its catalytic performance is excellent, but migration and volatilization still exists. On the other hand, ferrocene polymer has large molecular weight, which can completely avoid the migration problem, but its catalytic efficiency is low, and the synthesis process is complex. Among these new burning rate catalysts, energetic ionic ferrocene-based compounds have low migration volatility and good thermal stability, and are easy to synthesize and modify. Moreover, their high nitrogen content is conducive to improve the energy level of propellant, so they have broad application prospects.