基 于 物 理 ‐控 制 双 层 模 型 的 飞 机 重 着 陆 参 数 耦 合 分 析

Aircraft hard landing parameter identification is an important issue in civil aviation safety management. This paper proposes a parameter coupling analysis method based on SHAP interaction values, achieving a transition from single‑parameter monitoring to multi‑parameter cooperative risk assessment. Using 369 actual landing samples as the data foundation,a dual‑layer physics‑control model combined with SHAP interaction analysis is employed to perform single‑parameter,two‑parameter,and three‑parameter coupling analyses,quantifying the nonlinear correlation strength among landing gear contact parameters. Key findings include:among single parameters,the distance from 50 feet to touchdown,touchdown speed,and heading deviation are the most critical;two‑parameter coupling analysis reveals that the coupling strength between touchdown distance and touchdown speed is the highest;three‑parameter analysis identifies a core triangular relationship of “touchdown distance‑touchdown speed‑landing gradient”. Multi‑dimensional parameter coupling space analysis demonstrates that hard landing samples cluster in a parameter combination space characterized by short touchdown distance,high touchdown speed,and steep landing gradient,with strong wind turbulence,low visibility,and high‑altitude high‑temperature conditions being the primary triggers for parameter deviation. The research outcomes provide quantitative evidence for determining landing gear load cases in extreme scenarios,implementing parameter cooperative monitoring in pilot landing training,and optimizing landing gear inspection and maintenance procedures.