基于 MPB 线性规则设计的 PIN-PZN-PZ-PT 压电陶瓷结构与性能研究

High-performance piezoelectric ceramics are indispensable in modern electromechanical systems, and multi-component materials like quaternary Pb(In_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃-Pb(Zn_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-PbZrO₃-PbTiO₃ (PIN-PZN-PZ-PT) have attracted significant attention due to their unique properties at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). However, to achieve enhanced piezoelectric and thermal performance by design and optimization for MPB compositions through precisely adjusting the PbTiO₃ (PT) content is facing major challenges. Here, the ceramics were synthesized using a conventional solid-state reaction method, and the MPB compositions were initially predicted by employing a linear combination rule that accounts for the contributions of each component. The predicted phases were then confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, followed by comprehensive electrical tests to measure the piezoelectric constant (d₃₃) and Curie temperature (T_C). Experimental results reveal that the MPB position is strongly influenced by PT content. As the PT fraction increases, the rhombohedral phase gradually decreases while the tetragonal phase becomes predominant, thus shifting the phase equilibrium. Specifically, the optimal composition (x) ranges are 0.245–0.265 for (1–x)(0.3PIN-0.6PZN-0.1PZ)-xPT, 0.290–0.330 for (1–x)(0.3PIN-0.5PZN-0.2PZ)-xPT, and 0.305–0.345 for (1–x)(0.3PIN-0.4PZN-0.3PZ)-xPT. Notably, the 0.735(0.3PIN-0.6PZN-0.1PZ)-0.265PT sample exhibits superior performance with a d₃₃ of 425 pC/N and a T_C of 253 ℃. These findings demonstrate that precise modulation of the PT content is crucial for controlling the phase balance at the MPB and thereby optimizing the piezoelectric properties. In conclusion, this study successfully identifies the optimal MPB compositions for PIN-PZN-PZ-PT ceramics, highlighting their promising potential for advanced piezoelectric applications and laying a solid foundation for future process improvements and long-term stability research.