基于准点缺陷理论探索非晶合金黏弹性行为

Amorphous alloys exhibit complex viscoelastic behaviors due to their unique atomic structure, characterized by dynamic relaxation and static hysteresis features. This not only serves as a core entry point for in-depth understanding of fundamental physical issues such as glass transition, plastic deformation mechanisms, and dynamic heterogeneity, but also provides key theoretical support for the development and engineering application of high-performance amorphous alloys. Currently, how to construct a theoretical framework from the microscopic mechanism that can uniformly describe and predict their complex viscoelastic behaviors remains a core challenge in this field. This paper focuses on the core role and latest progress of the quasi-point defect (QPD) theory in systematically analyzing the viscoelastic behaviors. It deeply explores the application of the QPD theory in analyzing dynamic relaxation and reveals the intrinsic consistency between this theory and fractional models. On this basis, it reviews the intrinsic connection between dynamic relaxation and macroscopic quasi-static viscoelastic deformation, and explains the physical mechanisms behind phenomena such as two-step relaxation and creep, which are dominated by defect movements at different scales. Regarding creep behavior, it particularly discusses the understanding of defect evolution and multi-level power-law creep mechanisms. Additionally, this paper systematically expounds the mechanism of regulating the energy state of amorphous alloys through viscoelastic deformation and how this regulation changes the dynamic relaxation of the material by influencing the concentration, distribution, and cooperative movement of quasi-point defects. This paper aims to demonstrate how to establish the correlation between the microstructure heterogeneity, defect dynamics, and viscoelastic response of amorphous alloys based on the QPD theory, providing a theoretical perspective for understanding and predicting their complex mechanical behaviors.